Littera Deusto

TEXT ANNOTATING SYSTEMS:

As Wikipedia says an annotation is a summary made to information in a book, document, online record, video… Annotations provide data about a software program that is not part of that program itself. The annotations have got a number of uses:

• Information for the compiler.
• Compiler-time and deployment-time processing.
• Runtime processing.
• It can also find waht’s wrong or right with something.

MARKUP LANGUAGES:

As Wikipedia says this is a system for annotating a text in a different syntactical way. A markup language include:

• Revision instructios by editors
• Typesetting instructions
• Structural markers

Markup is always omitted from the version of the text which is showed for end-user consumption.

A great example of markup language os the famous Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) that is one of the document formats of the World Wide Web.

SEMANTICS PRESENTATION:

As Wikipedia says this kind of semantics, specially in computer semantics, specify how a particular piece of a formal language os represented in a distinguished manner accesible for example to human vision. A clear example of presentation semantics is:

<bold>….</bold>

Between this two sintactic signs there must be constructed a bold typeface.

Some markup languages contain presentation semantics like HTML,CSS… But others don’t have this kind of semantics, like XML,XPath…

STYLE SHEETS (CSS):

As Wikipedia says these kind of sheets are used to describe the presentation semantics of a document written in a markup language. The most common application is to style web pages written in HTML and XHTML.

This sheets enable the separation of document content from document presentation including some of these elements: layout, colors and fonts. CSS also allow a markup page to be presented in different styles such as on-screen, in print, by voice and also on Braille-based.

Authors usually add a determinate style sheet with a document while readers can use their own one, the one their computer include, for example.

References:

• CSS. Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved: 21 October 2009. From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Css
• Markup Languages. Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved: 21 October 2009. From: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Markup_language&oldid=320609469
• Annotation. Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved: 21 October 2009. From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annotation
• Presentation Semantics. Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved: 21 October 2009. From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presentation_semantics